:: DBA Newsletter ::

Lactylation in Cancer

Cancer cells are characterized by altered metabolic profiles, with the Warburg effect being a hallmark feature—favoring glycolysis for energy production even under aerobic conditions.

This metabolic shift leads to excessive lactate accumulation, once dismissed as a mere by product but now recognized as a crucial signaling molecule

and a precursor for lysine lactylation (Kla), a novel post-translational modification (PTM) implicated in cancer development and progression.

Lactylation involves the covalent addition of a lactyl group derived from Lactyl-CoA to lysine residues on proteins, introducing a novel layer of epigenetic regulation.

Initially discovered on histone proteins, this modification has since been found on a numerous non-histone proteins.

The occurrence and extent of lactylation are tightly linked to both intracellular and extracellular lactate levels,

highlighting the direct connection between cellular metabolism and epigenetic regulation.

At the forefront of this field, PTM BIO is a pioneer in post-translational modification research and the original supplier of lysine lactylation antibodies that
enabled the discovery of lysine L-lactylation (KL-la) in 2019 and D-lactylation (KD-la) in 2024. Despite the identical molecular weight and structural similarity
among KL-la, KD-la, and N-ε-carboxyethylation (Kce), PTM BIO successfully developed highly specific monoclonal antibodies for each modification.

These antibodies have been rigorously validated through immunoblotting and mass spectrometry.

To further empower epigenetics and proteomics research, PTM BIO offers an expansive panel of site-specific histone lactylation antibodies and
antibody-conjugated agarose beads for efficient enrichment of lactylated peptides.

Isomers of Lysine Lactylation

Lactylation significantly influences the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the immune responses within it.

It modulates the polarization, recruitment, and function of various immune cells, including macrophages and T cells, which infiltrate the tumor.

Lactylation can promote and immunosuppressive TME by inhibiting the activity of anti-tumor immune cells and fostering the development of
pro-tumorigenic immune populations, thus facilitating immune evasion by cancer cells.

PTM BIO offers a comprehensive suite of high-quality antibodies and cutting-edge proteomics services designed to empower your research into the role of lactylation in cancer.

• Pan-Lactyllysine Antibodies

• Site-Specific Lactyl-Histone Antibodies

• Antibody Conjugated Agarose Beads

PTMab® Custom Antibody Services